Table 3.
Sex hormone-binding globulin and endogenous sex hormones by treatment group at week 4 and week 8 in women
| |
Week 4 |
Week 8 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Value (95% confidence interval) |
Value (95% confidence interval) |
|||||
| |
Caffeinated |
Decaffeinated |
No Coffee |
Caffeinated |
Decaffeinated |
No Coffee |
| |
Coffee |
Coffee |
Coffee |
Coffee |
Coffee |
|
| (N = 10) | (N = 9) | (N = 9) | (N = 10) | (N = 9) | (N = 9) | |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | ||||||
| Geometric means† |
43.8 (35.2, 54.5) |
52.8 (42.5, 65.5) |
38.2 (30.7, 47.6) |
44.2 (37.3, 52.4) |
45.8 (38.7, 54.1) |
44.2 (37.3, 52.4) |
| Difference in CFB (%)‡ |
14.6 (−16.2, 56.7) |
38.0 (1.5, 87.7) a |
Reference |
−0.0 (−21.6, 27.4) |
3.6 (−18.4, 31.5) |
Reference |
| Testosterone (ng/dL) | ||||||
| Geometric means† |
51.3 (33.5, 78.6) |
39.0 (24.8, 61.4) |
98.3 (62.3, 155.2) |
35.1 (26.2, 47.0) |
32.4 (23.8, 44.2) |
37.3 (27.3, 51.0) |
| Difference in CFB (%)‡ |
−47.8 (−72.1, -2.3) a |
−60.3 (−79.3, -24.0) b |
Reference |
−5.9 (−38.7, 44.3) |
−13.1 (−44.3, 35.5) |
Reference |
| Free testosterone (ng/dL) | ||||||
| Geometric means† |
0.6 (0.3, 1.0) |
0.4 (0.2, 0.7) |
1.2 (0.7, 2.1) |
0.4 (0.3, 0.6) |
0.3 (0.2, 0.5) |
0.4 (0.3, 0.6) |
| Difference in CFB (%)‡ |
−51.1 (−78.7, 12.0) |
−67.8 (−86.0, -26.2) b |
Reference |
−6.0 (−47.5, 68.5) |
−13.3 (−51.6, 55.4) |
Reference |
| Estradiol (pg/mL) | ||||||
| Geometric means† |
37.9 (26.5, 54.2) |
42.6 (29.0, 62.3) |
42.9 (28.7, 64.1) |
41.8 (24.8, 70.6) |
39.7 (22.7, 69.4) |
40.6 (23.3, 70.6) |
| Difference in CFB (%)‡ |
−11.8 (−48.4, 50.8) |
−0.9 (−43.2, 73.2) |
Reference |
3.2 (−51.7, 120.5) |
−2.1 (−55.8, 116.6) |
Reference |
| Free estradiol (pg/mL) | ||||||
| Geometric means† |
0.6 (0.4, 0.9) |
0.6 (0.4, 0.9) |
0.7 (0.5, 1.1) |
0.7 (0.4, 1.1) |
0.6 (0.3, 1.0) |
0.6 (0.4, 1.1) |
| Difference in CFB (%)‡ |
−19.3 (−56.1, 48.3) |
−13.4 (−53.5, 61.3) |
Reference |
2.9 (−52.2, 121.6) |
−5.2 (−56.8, 108.2) |
Reference |
| Testosterone : Estradiol | ||||||
| Geometric means† |
1.4 (0.8, 2.3) |
1.0 (0.6, 1.7) |
2.1 (1.2, 3.8) |
0.8 (0.5, 1.5) |
0.8 (0.4, 1.5) |
0.9 (0.5, 1.7) |
| Difference in CFB (%)‡ |
−36.0 (−71.0, 41.4) |
−54.1 (−79.6, 3.3) |
Reference |
−9.9 (−61.7, 111.9) |
−9.6 (−62.6, 118.3) |
Reference |
| DHEAs (ng/mL) | ||||||
| Geometric means† |
113.8 (101.0, 128.1) |
101.7 (89.6, 115.5) |
100.0 (87.5, 114.4) |
111.7 (101.0, 123.6) |
102.9 (92.3, 114.6) |
120.4 (108.2, 134.1) |
| Difference in CFB (%)‡ | 13.7 (−4.9, 36.0) | 1.7 (−15.6, 22.5) | Reference | −7.2 (−19.9, 7.4) | −14.6 (−26.7, -0.4) | Reference |
SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; CFB, change from baseline; DHEAs, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.
† Geometric mean as the dependent variable with treatment as a main effect, and baseline log value (grand mean centered) and age (grand mean centered) as covariates.
‡ Difference in change from baseline compared to No Coffee (i.e., ratio of ratios) adjusted for the above covariates.
a p < 0.05 compared to No Coffee.
b p < 0.01 compared to No Coffee.