Effects of LPA and OTP (A and D: 1 μM; B and C: 3 μM) and GRI977143 (10 μM) on doxorubicin-induced apoptotic signaling in vector-transduced (□) or LPA2-transduced (■) MEF cells. Bars represent the mean of triplicate wells, and the data are representative of three independent experiments. (*, p ≤ 0.05; **, p ≤ 0.01; ***, p ≤ 0.001). Cont., control; BSA, bovine serum albumin; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; 143, GRI977143; RLU, relative light units.