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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Integr Biol (Camb). 2012 Dec;4(12):10.1039/c2ib20044a. doi: 10.1039/c2ib20044a

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

The evolution of the driving force for glioma progression. The paracrine signaling is the dominant force during the pre-tumor stage, while autocrine signaling becomes the major driving force in the expansion and malignancy phases. The transfer of leadership results in the significant enhancement of the robustness of tumor in a self-sustained manner.