. 2012 Oct;56:37–43.

Table 2.

Passenger Restraint Use in Fatal Crashes by Driver, Passenger, and Crash Characteristics

Characteristic		Restraint Use	n	Unadjusted OR	95% CI
Driver License Status	Licensed	43.5%	74,088	0.60^* 0.62^*	[0.57, 0.63] [0.59, 0.65]
	Invalid License	30.3%	7,805
	Never Licensed	31.1%	10,087
Passenger Gender	Female	46.7%	34,352	0.69^*	[0.67, 0.71]
Passenger Gender	Male	37.6%	58,810	0.69^*	[0.67, 0.71]
Passenger Seat Position	Front Seat	50.6%	55,989	2.73^*	[2.65, 2.81]
Passenger Seat Position	Rear Seat	27.3%	35,522	2.73^*	[2.65, 2.81]
Number of Occupants	2	52.4%	30,742	0.71^*	[0.70, 0.71]
	3	40.1%	24,743
	4	37.4%	19,822
	5+	26.3%	17,865
Crash Location	Urban	47.1%	37,375	0.65^*	[0.64, 0.67]
Crash Location	Rural	36.8%	55,475	0.65^*	[0.64, 0.67]
Driver Alcohol Use	No	47.1%	63,683	0.43^*	[0.41, 0.44]
Driver Alcohol Use	Yes	27.5%	29,521	0.43^*	[0.41, 0.44]
Driver Restraint Use	Unrestrained	13.9%	42,869	12.0^*	[11.6, 12.4]
Driver Restraint Use	Restrained	66.0%	46,861	12.0^*	[11.6, 12.4]

significant with p<0.001