Table 2.
Depressive and anxious symptoms of the study population
|
Variables |
Healthy controls |
COPD |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I (n = 163) | II (n = 460) | III (n = 289) | IV (n = 188) | total | ||
| HADS-A | ||||||
| Total score |
3.1 (0–12) |
6.1(2–15) |
6.3(4–17) |
6.5(5–18) |
7.0(6–19)b |
6.7 (2–19)a |
| HADS-A ≥ 8 |
58 (5.3) |
14(8.6) |
70(15.2) |
65(22.5) |
52(27.7)b |
201(18.3)a |
| HADS-D | ||||||
| Total score |
3.3 (0–13) |
5.8(3–15) |
6.5(5–17) |
6.8(5–18) |
7.3(7–20)b |
6.7(3–20)a |
| HADS-D ≥ 8 |
79(7.2) |
25(15.3) |
118(25.7) |
123(42.6) |
127(67.6)b |
393(35.7)a |
| BODE index | NA | 2.4(1–6) | 2.7(1–7) | 3.3(1–8) | 4.1(2–8)b | 2.9(1–8) |
HADS-A, HADS—anxiety; HADS-D,HADS—depression.
Values are expressed as the median (range) or number (%).
a p < 0.01 compared to healthy controls.
b p < 0.01 compared to mild-to-severe COPD.