Figure 3. Expectation induced cytokine response.

(A) Expectation did not induce a significant reduction in IL-2 production in any of the four expectation groups differing in the probability of receiving CsA. IL-2 (pg/ml) concentration in supernatants of anti-CD3 stimulated PBMC was analyzed before and after placebo pill intake (25% n = 9, 50% n = 8, 75% n = 8, 100% n = 8). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. (B) Expectation did not reduce the percentage of IL-2 producing CD4⁺T cells. IL-2 producing CD4⁺T cells were analyzed as percent of total CD4⁺T cells before and after placebo pill intake. Data are shown as mean ± SEM.