Table 1.

Summary of genes and polymorphisms with a putative relevant role in chemotherapy-induced toxicity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Gene	Polymorphism	Drug affected; main effect	Reference
ABCB1	C3435T, G2677T/A, C1236T	IMTa; Less common toxicity-related dose reduction	Gurney et al. (2007)
CYP2B6	*2A, *4	CFDb; Hemorrhagic cystitis, oral mucositis	Rocha et al. (2009)
DCK	Several SNPs	Ara-Cc; higher susceptibility to drug effects	Hartford et al. (2009)
DHFR	19-bp deletion	MTXd, hepatotoxicity	Ongaro et al. (2009)
GRIA1	Several SNPs	ASP; higher risk of hypersensitivity	Chen et al. (2010)
ITPA	c.94C > A	6-MP; fever, hepatotoxicity	Stocco et al. (2009), Wan Rosalina et al. (2011)
ITPA	IVS + 21A > C	6-MP; higher risk of myelotoxicity	Hawwa et al. (2008)
MTHFR	C677T	MTX; neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression	Strunk et al. (2003), Mahadeo et al. (2010), D’Angelo et al. (2011), Yang et al. (2012)
MTHFR	A1298C	MTXe, hematological toxicity	Kantar et al. (2009)
MTRR	A66G	MTX, oral mucositis	Huang et al. (2008)
RFC1	G-80A	MTX, overall toxicity	Shimasaki et al. (2006), Imanishi et al. (2007)
TPMT	*2, *3A, *3C	6-MP; Acute hematopoietic toxic effects	McLeod et al. (1999), Weinshilboum (2001), Pui et al. (2004)

^aOnly data on chronic myeloid leukemia patients are available

^bSeveral types of leukemia were included in the study

^cPreliminary data on cell lines

^dAdult patients

^eControversial association

6-MP, 6-mercaptopurine; MTX, methotrexate; ASP, L-asparaginase; CFD, cyclophosphamide; Ara-C, cytosine arabinoside; IMT, imatinib