Table 4.
Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR, 95% C.I.) for scoring above the cut off score on common mental disorder outcomes by subsequent life change and differentiating by type at 36 or 43 years (N = 2073).
| PSE at 36 years |
PSF at 43 years |
GHQ-28 at 53 years |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | (C.I.) | OR | (C.I.) | OR | (C.I.) | ||
| Stressors at 36 years | |||||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | |||||||
| Family and Economic | No stressors | 0.75 | (0.51–1.09) | 1.01 | (0.70–1.46) | 0.87 | (0.63–1.19) |
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Stressors, with life change | 2.05 | (1.33–3.16)⁎⁎⁎ | 1.68 | (1.07–2.63)⁎ | 1.11 | (0.73–1.67) | |
| Interpersonal Relationship | No stressors | 0.72 | (0.51–1.02) | 0.95 | (0.70–1.29) | 0.87 | (0.66–1.15) |
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Stressors, with life change | 1.64 | (1.16–2.31)⁎⁎ | 1.48 | (1.06–2.08)⁎ | 1.68 | (1.24–2.28)⁎⁎⁎ | |
| Model 2 | |||||||
| Family and Economic | No stressors | 0.69 | (0.47–1.01) | 0.98 | (0.67–1.44) | 0.80 | (0.58–1.11) |
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Stressors, with life change | 1.97 | (1.26–3.08)⁎⁎ | 1.57 | (0.99–2.49) | 1.07 | (0.70–1.63) | |
| Interpersonal Relationship | No stressors | 0.71 | (0.50–1.01) | 0.91 | (0.66–1.24) | 0.88 | (0.66–1.17) |
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Stressors, with life change | 1.60 | (1.11–2.24)⁎ | 1.42 | (1.00–2.01)⁎ | 1.65 | (1.21–2.25)⁎⁎ | |
| Model 3 | |||||||
| Family and Economic | No stressors | 0.70 | (0.48–1.03) | 1.06 | (0.72–1.55) | 0.90 | (0.64–1.26) |
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Stressors, with life change | 1.98 | (1.27–3.10)⁎⁎ | 1.29 | (0.80–2.07) | 0.87 | (0.56–1.35) | |
| Interpersonal relationship | No stressors | 0.70 | (0.49–0.99)⁎ | 0.97 | (0.71–1.33) | 0.99 | (0.74–1.34) |
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Stressors, with life change | 1.58 | (1.11–2.24)⁎ | 1.26 | (0.88–1.81) | 1.42 | (1.02–1.97)⁎ | |
| Stressors at 43 years | |||||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | |||||||
| Family and economic | No stressors | 0.42 | (0.31–0.57)⁎⁎⁎ | 0.71 | (0.54–0.93)⁎ | ||
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Stressors, with life change | 1.51 | (1.07–2.12)⁎⁎ | 1.08 | (0.77–1.53) | |||
| Interpersonal relationship | No stressors | 0.65 | (0.47–0.89)⁎⁎ | 0.74 | (0.57–0.96)⁎ | ||
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Stressors, with life change | 2.12 | (1.53–2.93)⁎⁎⁎ | 1.57 | (1.15–2.14)⁎⁎ | |||
| Model 2 | |||||||
| Family and economic | No stressors | 0.40 | (0.29–0.55)⁎⁎⁎ | 0.71 | (0.54–0.93)⁎ | ||
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Stressors, with life change | 1.43 | (1.01–2.03)⁎⁎ | 1.07 | (0.75–1.51) | |||
| Interpersonal relationship | No stressors | 0.66 | (0.48–0.91)⁎ | 0.72 | (0.55–0.94)⁎ | ||
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Stressors, with life change | 2.03 | (1.46–2.84)⁎⁎⁎ | 1.45 | (1.05–1.98)⁎ | |||
| Model 3 | |||||||
| Family and economic | No stressors | 0.42 | (0.30–0.58)⁎⁎⁎ | 0.92 | (0.69–1.23) | ||
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Stressors, with life change | 1.37 | (0.96–1.96) | 0.94 | (0.65–1.36) | |||
| Interpersonal relationship | No stressors | 0.67 | (0.48–0.92)⁎ | 0.82 | (0.61–1.08) | ||
| Stressors, no life change (ref.) | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Stressors, with life change | 1.93 | (1.37–2.71)⁎⁎⁎ | 1.23 | (0.89–1.71) | |||
Note: Model 1 unadjusted; Model 2 adjusts for gender, educational attainment, occupational social class, and relationship status; Model 3 further adjusts for past common mental disorder.
⁎p < 0.05; ⁎⁎p < 0.01; ⁎⁎⁎p < 0.001.