Effects of the PAP gene mutations on phospholipid composition. The indicated cells were grown to the exponential phase of growth in the presence of [32P]Pi (10 μCi/ml). Phospholipids were extracted and separated by two-dimensional TLC, and the images were subjected to ImageQuant analysis. The percentages shown for the individual phospholipids were normalized to the total 32P-labeled chloroform-soluble fraction that included sphingolipids and unidentified phospholipids. Each data point represents the average of three experiments ± S.D. (error bars). Abbreviations: PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PS, phosphatidylserine.