Table 3.
Relationships between clinical and endoscopic variables, standard and measured histopathological variables, immunohistochemical staining and lymph node metastasis in the total 271 patients
| Parameters | Total | Lymph node metastasis (%) |
Univariate Logistic regression | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio | 95% CI | Global P |
P- for-trend |
||||
| Clinical variables | |||||||
| Sex | Male | 197 | 43(22) | 1 | |||
| Female | 74 | 10(14) | 0.560 | 0.265–1.181 | 0.128 | ||
| Age | <60 | 167 | 36(22) | 1 | |||
| ≥60 | 104 | 17(16) | 0.711 | 0.376–1.345 | 0.294 | ||
| Symptoms | No | 14 | 0 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 257 | 53(21) | 4.197×108 | 0-∝ | 0.999 | ||
| Endoscopic variables | |||||||
| Tumor location | Cervical | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0-∝ | 0.999 | |
| Upper thoracic | 43 | 8(19) | 0.993 | 0.424–2.326 | 0.986 | ||
| Middle thoracic | 187 | 35(19) | 1 | ||||
| Lower thoracic | 39 | 10(26) | 1.498 | 0.668–3.357 | 0.327 | ||
| Tumor size (measured endoscopically) | <2cm | 70 | 8(11) | 1 | |||
| ≥2cm | 201 | 45(22) | 2.236 | 0.997–5.013 | 0.051 | ||
| Macroscopic type | Erosive | 85 | 7(8) | 1 | |||
| Papillary | 32 | 4(13) | 1.592 | 0.433–5.853 | 0.484 | ||
| Plaque-like | 120 | 31(26) | 3.881 | 1.618–9.308 | 0.002 | ||
| Ulcerative | 15 | 5(33) | 5.571 | 1.484–20.920 | 0.011 | ||
| Intraluminal mass | 19 | 6(32) | 5.143 | 1.491–17.744 | 0.010 | ||
| Standard histopathological variables | |||||||
| Invasion depth level | m2 | 22 | 0 | 1.903 | 1.334–2.716 | <0.001 | |
| m3 | 30 | 2(7) | |||||
| sm1 | 23 | 4(17) | |||||
| sm2 | 55 | 7(13) | |||||
| sm3 | 141 | 40(28) | |||||
| Degree of differentiation | Well | 49 | 4(8) | 1 | |||
| Moderate | 104 | 21(20) | 2.846 | 0.920–8.804 | 0.069 | ||
| Poor | 80 | 19(24) | 3.504 | 1.115–11.011 | 0.032 | ||
| Basaloid | 25 | 5(20) | 2.812 | 0.682–11.593 | 0.152 | ||
| Sarcomatoid | 13 | 4(31) | 5.000 | 1.051–23.789 | 0.043 | ||
| Angiolymphatic invasion | No | 220 | 34(16) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 51 | 19(37) | 3.248 | 1.654–6.381 | 0.001 | ||
| Multicentric invasive lesions | No | 248 | 47(19) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 23 | 6(26) | 1.509 | 0.565–4.035 | 0.412 | ||
| Glandular involvement by high-grade | No | 198 | 37(19) | 1 | |||
| dysplasia/carcinoma-in situ | Yes | 73 | 16(22) | 1.221 | 0.632–2.362 | 0.552 | |
| Measured histopathological variables | |||||||
| Tumor thickness | <3000µm | 98 | 6(6) | 1 | |||
| ≥3000µm | 173 | 47(27) | 5.720 | 2.346–13.944 | <0.001 | ||
| Submucosal invasion thickness | <1000µm | 101 | 8(8) | 1 | |||
| ≥1000µm | 170 | 45(26) | 4.107 | 1.848–9.128 | <0.001 | ||
| Diameter of the largest invasive lesion | <2cm | 172 | 27(16) | 1 | |||
| ≥2cm | 99 | 26(26) | 1.913 | 1.042–3.512 | 0.036 | ||
| Immunohistochemical staining* | |||||||
| P53 | − | 81 | 20(25) | 0.987 | 0.672–1.449 | 0.947 | |
| + | 47 | 16(34) | |||||
| ++ | 56 | 13(23) | |||||
| CyclinD1 | − | 54 | 12(22) | 1.125 | 0.751–1.684 | 0.569 | |
| + | 58 | 17(29) | |||||
| ++ | 70 | 19(27) | |||||
| EGFR | − | 69 | 14(20) | 1.670 | 1.106–2.523 | 0.015 | |
| + | 57 | 10(18) | |||||
| ++ | 57 | 23(40) | |||||
| VEGF | − | 64 | 8(13) | 2.283 | 1.485–3.509 | <0.001 | |
| + | 49 | 12(24) | |||||
| ++ | 68 | 29(43) | |||||
Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.
*
, Available in 196 tissue microarray cases