Figure 9.

The changes of CV_E and $|\partial \mathcal{F}/\partial s|$ as the negative or fast feedback loop is adjusted from fast to slow. The arrows indicate where CV_E(P, N) and $|\partial \mathcal{F}/\partial s|$ head as τ_a or τ_b approaches zero, and the black solid circles are their limits. Here c₁ = 2/min, c₂ = 1/min, b₁ = 2/min, b₂ = 1/min, a₁ = 3/min, and a₂ = 1/min. In panel (a)-(b), k_a = 1 and k_b = 1; in panel (c)-(d), k_a = 1 and k_b = 5.