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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Immun. 2012 Jul 24;26(7):1150–1159. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.07.011

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

β-adrenergic antagonism treatment prevented stress induced cytokines after social defeat in plasma. Male CD-1 mice were subjected to six cycles of repeated social defeat (SDR; filled bars) or left undisturbed in their home cage (HCC; open bars). Mice were injected s.c. with vehicle or propranolol prior to each cycle of defeat. The day after the last cycle of defeat (A) IL-6, (B) MCP-1, and (C) TNF-α protein levels were determined in plasma. Bars represent the mean ± SEM (n = 9). Means with different letters (a or b) are significantly different (p < 0.05) from each other.