Table 2. Demographic and clinical data of patients.
| Age, y* | 44.64 (12.65) |
| Gender | |
| Men | 66 |
| Women | 34 |
| Duration of symptoms before injection, mo* | 21.36 (14.22) |
| Signs and symptoms (visit 1)† | |
| Low back pain (only up to gluteal region) | 14 (14%) |
| Left sciatica | 38 (38%) |
| Right sciatica | 20 (20%) |
| Bilateral | 28 (28%) |
| Stiffness | 56 (56%) |
| Sensory parasthesia | 90 (90%) |
| Spinal tenderness | 80 (80%) |
| Paraspinal muscle spasm | 88 (88%) |
| Previous treatment† | |
| Rest/analgesics | 98 (98%) |
| Traction | 78 (78%) |
| Orthosis (lumbosacral belt) | 76 (76%) |
| Physiotherapy | 76 (76%) |
| Epidural injections | 09 (18%) |
| • No. (mean)‡ - 1 | |
| • Interval (mean)‡ - 1 y | |
| Plain–x-ay findings‡ | |
| Muscle spasm | 58 (58%) |
| Reduced disc space | 24 (24%) |
| No abnormality | 18 (18%) |
| Magnetic resonance imaging findings‡ | |
| Disc degeneration | 60 (60%) |
| Disc bulge | 26 (26%) |
| Disc herniation (protrusion) | 14 (14%) |
*
The values are given as the mean with the standard deviation within parentheses.
†
Values are given as raw numbers with the percentages within parentheses.
‡
Values are given as raw numbers.