Table 1.
Perioperative immunonutrition support: clinical outcomesa
| Outcome variable |
With perioperative immunonutritionb |
Without immunonutrition |
Difference or RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 442 | N = 447 | ||
| Mean length of stay |
13.31 |
15.48 |
Δ = −2.18 |
| Percentage reduction in length of stay |
|
|
14.1% |
| Percentage with any infectious complications |
14.71% |
31.32% |
RR = 0.46 |
| Number (%) in pooled trial populations with specific complicationsc |
|
|
|
| Wound infection |
26 (5.9%) |
43 (9.6%) |
RR 0.61 |
| (0.38, 0.96) | |||
| Abdominal abscess |
9 (2.0%) |
21 (4.7%) |
RR 0.43 |
| (0.21, 0.91) | |||
| Pneumonia |
25 (5.7%) |
47 (10.5%) |
RR 0.54 |
| (0.34, 0.87) | |||
| Urinary tract infection |
11 (2.5%) |
20 (4.5%) |
RR 0.53 |
| (0.23, 1.19) | |||
| Sepsis |
8 (1.8%) |
16 (3.6%) |
RR 0.53 |
| (0.22, 1.27) | |||
| Anastomotic leak | 15 (3.4%) | 29 (6.5%) | RR 0.52 |
| (0.28, 0.95) |
Abbreviations: Δ, absolute difference; RR relative risk with 95% confidence interval in ().
a Calculated from data reported in Waitzberg et al. [4].
b Three 240-mL (8-ounce) servings of oral supplement per day for five days prior to surgery, followed by early enteral feeding (within 24 hours postsurgery) at a goal of one liter per day.
c Note that a patient may experience more than one complication.