. 2012 Aug 22;9:77. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-9-77

Table 1.

Effects of resveratrol, leucine and HMB on body weight, weight gain, adiposity and fat oxidation in diet-induced obese mice¹

	Control	Low Resveratrol¹	High Resveratrol²	Low HMB³	Low Resv/ Low HMB	Low Resv/ High HMB⁴	Low Resv/Leucine⁵	P -value
Weight (g)	40.5 ± 0.5^a	40.8 ± 2.5^a	38.7 ± 1.2^a	40.3 ± 2.1^a	36.2 ± 3.2^b	34.4 ± 1.1^b	38.3 ± 2.3^b	p < 0.05
Weight gain (g)	22.4 ± 1.1^a	20.9 ± 1.5^a	22.3 ± 2.4^a	22.5 ± 1.2^a	18.2 ± 1.2^b	19.2 ± 1.0^b	19.2 ± 1.6^b	p < 0.01
Visceral Adipose Volume (mm³)	6556 ± 143^a	6551 ± 575^a	6031 ± 323^a	6184 ± 460^a	5302 ± 324^b	4879 ± 243^b	4259 ± 321^b	p < 0.01
PET palmitate uptake (Muscle SUV)	1.34 ± 0.15^a	1.51 ± 0.44^a	2.29 ± 0.11^b	1.90 ± 0.29^b	2.09 ± 0.30^b	1.97 ± 0.28^b	1.76 ± 0.09^a,b	p < 0.05
Respiratory Exchange Ratio (24 hr RER)	0.850 ± 0.008^a	0.847 ± 0.008^a	0.825 ± 0.007^b	0.844 ± 0.012^a	0.815 ± 007^b	0.818 ± 0.09^b	0.811 ± 0.010^b	p < 0.01
Respiratory Exchange Ratio (Light Cycle)	0.822 ± 0.013^a	0.818 ± 0.010^a	0.803 ± 0.009^b	0.826 ± 0.011^a	0.800 ± 0.010^b	0.811 ± 0.009^ab	0.799 ± 0.011^b	p < 0.05
Respiratory Exchange Ratio (Dark Cycle)	0.877 ± 0.016^a	0.876 ± 0.013^a	0.847 ± 0.011^b	0.862 ± 0.009^a	0.830 ± 0.012^b	0.825 ± 0.014^b	0.824 ± 0.016^b	p < 0.02
Heat Production (kcal/h)	0.521 ± 0.015^a	0.517 ± 0.014^a	0.552 ± 0.015^b	0.526 ± 0.011^a	0.544 ± 0.010^b	0.547 ± 0.009^b	0.550 ± 0.012^b	p < 0.05
Heat Production (kcal/h/kg weight)	12.86 ± 0.40 ^a	12.67 ± 0.32 ^a	14.26 ± 0.38 ^b	13.05 ± 0.27 ^a	15.03 ± 0.28 ^b	15.90 ± 0.23 ^b	14.36 ± 0.33 ^b	P < 0.03
24 h Food intake (day 0 of treatment) (g)	3.291 ± 0.362	2.931 ± 0.285	3.064 ± 0.406	3.524 ± 0.241	2.810 ± 0.167	3.070 ± 0.319	3.174 ± 0.345	NS
24 h Food intake (end of 6-weeks) (g)	3.872 ± 0.346	4.065 ± 0.263	3.598 ± 0.230	3.651 ± 0.331	3.720 ± 0.257	3.794 ± 0.220	3.504 ± 0.280	NS

Mice were fed a high fat-diet with indicated treatments for 6 weeks. Visceral fat volume and muscle palmitate uptake was determined via PET/CT. RER and heat production was calculated from 24 h oxygen consumption measurements in metabolic chambers. Data are presented as means ± SE (n = 5 to 10). Non-matching letter superscripts in each row denote significant differences at the indicated p-value.

¹Low resveratrol: 12.5 mg resveratrol/kg diet.

²High resveratrol: 225 mg resveratrol/kg diet.

³Low HMB: 2 g hyroxymethylbutyrate (calcium salt).

⁴High HMB: 10 g hyroxymethylbutyrate (calcium salt).

⁵Leucine: 24 g leucine/kg diet.