Table 1.
Summary of most studied CGs and their anticancer activity
| Compound | Structure and Natural Origin | Susceptible cancer types | IC50 Range | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bufalin |  |
• Prostate cancer (PC3, DU145, and LNCaP cells) • Leukemia (THP1, U937, and MOLT-3 cells) |
0.1-10 μM | [14,15,24-28] |
| Cinobufagin |  |
• Prostate cancer (PC3, DU145, and LNCaP cells) | 0.1-10 μM | [14,15,24,25,27,28] |
| Digitoxin |  |
• Prostate cancer (PC3, DU145, and LNCaP cells) • Breast cancer (MCF-7 cells) • Renal adenocarcinoma (TK-10 cells) • Melanoma (UACC-62 cells) • Leukemia (K-562 cells) • Lung (A549 cells, and NCI-H460 cells) |
0.01-10 μM | [9,29-40] |
| Digoxin |  |
• Prostate cancer (PC3, DU145, and LNCaP cells) • Cervical cancer (Hela cells) • Lung (A549 cells, and NCI-H460 cells) |
0.1-10 μM | [29-32,35,40,41] |
| Oleandrin |  |
• Prostate cancer (PC3, DU145, LNCaP) • Leukemia (U-937, and HL-60 cells) • Breast cancer (MCF-7) • Lung • Malignant Fibroblast (VA-13) • Liver carcinoma (HepG2 cells) • Pancreatic cancer (PANC-1 cells) |
0.1 - 1 μM | [42-57] |
| Ouabain |  |
• Prostate cancer (PC3, DU145, LNCaP) • Breast cancer (MDA-MB-435scells) • Lung (NCI-H460 cells) |
0.1-10 μM | [2,29,30,32-35,40,46,58-62] |
| Proscillaridin |  |
• Breast cancer (MCF-7 cells) • Fibroblasts |
30-100 nM | [29,30,32,33,35,43,63-66] |