Table 4.

Comparison of characteristics between HIV-infected children with and without chronic kidney disease.

Characteristics	HIV-infected children		Test (t, χ2, U)	df	P value
	With CKD n = 22, (%)	Without CKD n = 183, (%)
Age
Mean ± SD	5.77 ± 3.463	5.66 ± 3.407	0.141	203	0.888a
BMI z score	−0.155	−0.42	1904.0		0.678b
Immunological stage
Advanced	13 (59.1)	49 (26.8)	9.721	1	0.0031c∗
Not advanced	9 (40.9)	134 (73.2)
CD4 count
Mean ± SD (cells/mm3)	348.8 ± 297.5	844.8 ± 532.0	−3.153	97	0.002a∗
Cystatin C
Mean ± SD (mg/L)	2.15 ± 0.48	0.87 ± 0.13	28.04	203	0.000a∗

CKD: chronic kidney disease. ^aStudent's t-test; ^bMann-Whitney U test; ^cFisher's exact test; *significant at P < 0.05.