The design and characterization of a set of single-input cellular biosensors. (A) The arsenic sensor were characterised under various arsenite concentrations (0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.2, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0, 32 μM NaAsO2). (B) The copper ion cellular sensor was characterised at various CuSO4 levels (0, 0.00137, 0.0041, 0.0123, 0.037, 0.11, 0.33, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mM). (C) The mercury sensor was characterised under various HgCl2 levels (0, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 μM). (D) The quorum sensing signalling molecule sensor was characterised under various AHL levels (0, 0.098, 0.39, 1.56, 6.25, 25.0, 50, 100, 400, 1600, 6400 nM). (E) The zinc or lead sensor was characterised under various ZnCl2/PbCl2 levels (0, 0.0041, 0.0123, 0.037, 0.111, 0.222, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.2 mM). (F) The cadmium or zinc sensor was characterised under various levels of CdCl2 (0, 0.00137, 0.0041, 0.0123, 0.037, 0.111, 0.222, 0.333, 0.4 mM) or ZnCl2 as the same as indicated in (E). Error bars, s.d. (n=4). a.u., arbitrary units.