Table 5. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) for NRY haplotype data, using the Φ_ST measure (upper) and classical F_ST (lower).

Source of variation	d.f.	Sum of squares	Variance components	% variation	Fixation index	p-valuea
Among groups	5	129.901	0.660	4.88	0.048	0.002
Among populations within groups	4	37.769	−0.300	−2.22	−0.023	0.834
Within populations	174	2291.086	13.167	97.34	0.026	0.041
Total	183	2458.755	13.526
Source of variation	d.f.	Sum of squares	Variance components	% variation	Fixation index	p-value a
Among groups	5	31.244	0.114	3.05	0.030	0.004
Among populations within groups	4	12.909	−0.037	−0.99	−0.010	0.858
Within populations	174	641.857	3.689	97.94	0.020	0.006
Total	183	686.011	3.766

^aSignificance tests were performed with 10,100 permutations.

The genetic structure tested consisted of six groups inferred with the SAMOVA approach. 1: Aviles; 2: Nalon-Caudal-SouthOviedo; 3: EoNavia; 4: Narcea; 5: Oriente: 6: Gijon-EastOviedo-CentralOviedo.