Table 2.
Selected theoretical perspectives of HIV disclosure
| Theory | Perspectives |
|---|---|
| Social influence theory (Stenger, 1996; Zea, Reisen, Poppen, Bianchi, & Echeverry, 2007) | HIV disclosure is influenced by a number of contextual factors that HIV-positive persons are living with (e.g., social norms, cultural values and beliefs, and experiences of discrimination). |
| Disease progression theory (Babcock, 1998) | HIV-positive persons will disclose their HIV status when HIV progresses to AIDS and it becomes difficult for them to conceal the symptoms. |
| Consequence theory (Emlet, 2006, 2008; Serovich, 2001) | There is a linkage between disclosure decision and analysis of anticipated outcomes. Disclosure occurs when the benefits of doing so (obtaining social and emotional support) outweigh the costs (being stigmatized by others). |