Table 3.

Key components of the Disclosure Process Model (DPM)

Key components	Descriptions
Decision-making	Decision-making of HIV disclosure is influenced by antecedent goals, including approach goals such as pursuing positive outcomes (e.g., stronger relationship, educating others) and avoidance goals such as preventing negative outcomes (e.g., social rejection, relationship conflict).
Disclosure event	The disclosure event is characterized by content of disclosure (e.g., depth, breadth, duration) and reaction of the target.
Outcomes of disclosure	Individual outcomes: psychological (e.g., distress, self-esteem), behavioral (e.g., antiretroviral treatment adherence), and clinical outcomes (e.g., CD4 counts) on disclosers. Dyadic outcomes: well-being of disclosure targets (e.g., psychological and physical well-being of children who were informed their HIV positive serostatus), the well-being of both the discloser and disclosure target (e.g., safer sexual behaviors with sexual partners), and their relationship with each other (e.g., interpersonal liking, intimacy, and trust). Social outcomes: impacts of disclosure event on social and cultural context (e.g. creating awareness of HIV, reducing HIV-related stigma).