Figure 1. DNA methylation and DNA methyltransferases.
A. The figure depicts enzymatic methylation at C5 of cytosine by DNA methyltransferases. 5-methylcytosine serves as a substrate for TET family enzymes which oxidize the methyl carbon to generate 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine.
B. The mammalian DNMT family members are depicted in cartoon fashion. Domains are indicated where relevant.