Table 3.

F, P, and η² values for the effects of auditory stimulus and hormone treatment in males.

	Effects of stimulus and treatment									Pairwise comparisons, P
	Stimulus			Treatment			Stimulus × treatment			song vs. tones		E2 vs. blank
Region	F1, 22	P	η2	F1, 22	P	η2	F1, 22	P	η2	E2	Blank	Song	Tones
nAc	0.015	0.904	0.001	3.445	0.079	0.151	0.220	0.645	0.010	–	–	–	–
VTA	0.158	0.696	0.006	8.528	0.009	0.307	0.066	0.800	0.002	–	–	–	–
LSt (caudate)	0.038	0.847	0.002	0.005	0.947	<0.001	0.016	0.900	0.001	–	–	–	–
Hp	1.784	0.197	0.067	5.577	0.029	0.210	0.315	0.581	0.012	–	–	–	–
TnA (MeA)	18.598	<0.001	0.440	3.275	0.086	0.077	1.381	0.254	0.033	0.005	0.030	0.052	0.678
NCL (PFC)	2.667	0.119	0.122	0.002	0.963	<0.001	0.154	0.700	0.007	–	–	–	–

Post hoc pairwise tests were performed only for regions for which the two-way ANOVAs showed a significant effect of stimulus or an interaction between stimulus and treatment. The avian regions of interest are listed under “Region,” with human homologues in parenthesis when the nomenclature differs (see Table 1 for abbreviations). Significant effects in bold.