Figure 2.
The Von Hippel–Lindau/hypoxia-inducible factor oxygen-sensing pathway and its relevance in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.
Note: Copyright © 2010, Elsevier. Reproduced with permission from Stillebroer AB, Mulders PF, Boerman OC, Oyen WJ, Oosterwijk E. Carbonic anhydrase IX in renal cell carcinoma: implications for prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy. Eur Urol. 2010;58(1):75–83.81
Abbreviations: PHD, prolyl 4-hydroxylase domain; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; VHL, Von Hippel–Lindau; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; CAIX, carbonic anhydrase IX.