Table 1.
Cytokines | Intracellular transducers of physical force effects | Nutrients | |||
Stimuli | Ref. | Stimuli | Ref. | Stimuli | Ref. |
PDGF-α | Sukhotnik et al[86] | FAK-Tyr 925 | Chaturvedi et al[225] | L-arginine | Koppelmann et al[88] |
HGF | Katz et al | Integrin-linked Kinase | Yuan et al[243] | Glutamine | Lardy et al[252] |
Transforming GF-β | Sukhotnik et al[151] | RhoA | Chaturvedi et al[244] | Ornithine | Lardy et al[252] |
IGF-1 | Lund et al[92] | ROCK | Chaturvedi et al[244] | Butyrate | Bartholome et al[161] |
VEGF | Parvadia et al | mDial | Chaturvedi et al[244] | Short-chain fructooligosaccharide | Barnes et al[163] |
EGF | Warner et al[90] | - | - | - | - |
GLP-2 | Bortvedt et al[93] | - | - | - | - |
PDGF: Platelet derived growth factor; HGF: Hepatocyte growth factor; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor-1; GH: Growth hormone; GLP-2: Glucagon-like peptide-2; ROCK: Rho-associated kinases; mDia: The formin homology protein mDia1; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor.