Table 4.

Type of comorbidity and difference in health status domains compared to people with only diabetes

	Only diabetes n=1290	Diabetes with only cardiovascular disease n=413	Diabetes with only non-cardiovascular disease n=247	Diabetes with both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases n=136
	Mean ± SD	Beta (95% CI)	Beta (95% CI)	Beta (95% CI)
PF (Physical Functioning)	81.4 ± 20.3	−9.4 (−11.8 to −7.0)*	−11.6 (−14.5 to −8.8)*	−18.4 (−22.2 to −14.6)†
RP (Role limitations due to Physical problems)	82.1 ± 33.1	−7.9 (−11.9 to −3.9)*	−11.6 (−16.6 to −6.6)*	−19.8 (−26.2 to −13.4)‡
BP (Bodily Pain)	79.8 ± 22.0	−6.0 (−8.6 to −3.4)*	−7.4 (−10.5 to −4.3)*	−10.4 (−14.5 to −6.3)*
SF (Social Functioning)	87.2 ± 18.6	−6.0 (−8.3 to −3.8)*	−5.1 (−7.8 to −2.4)*	−10.0 (−13.6 to −6.4)*
MH (Mental Health)	80.7 ± 15.0	−4.4 (−6.1 to −2.6)*	−3.1 (−5.2 to −1.1)*	−4.0 (−6.8 to −1.2)*
RE (Role limitations due to Emotional problems)	90.1 ± 26.0	−7.4 (−10.8 to −4.0)*	−4.0 (−8.1 to 0.1)	−10.6 (−16.0 to −5.2)*
VT (Vitality)	69.3 ± 17.7	−6.5 (−8.5 to −4.5)*	−6.2 (−8.6 to −3.8)*	−9.6 (−12.8 to −6.4)*
GH (General Health)	66.3 ± 18.6	−6.8 (−9.0 to −4.7)*	−8.3 (−10.9 to −5.7)*	−11.7 (−15.0 to −8.3)*
PCS (Physical Component Score)	48.3 ± 9.4	−3.3 (−4.4 to −2.2)*	−4.8 (−6.1 to −3.5)*	−7.3 (−9.0 to −5.6)‡
MCS (Mental Component Score)	54.4 ± 8.2	−2.1 (−3.0 to −1.1)*	−0.7 (−1.9 to 0.4)	−1.7 (−3.2 to −0.1)*
EQ-5D (EuroQol 5 Dimensions)	0.88 ± 0.16	−0.06 (−0.08 to −0.04)*	−0.07 (−0.10 to −0.05)*	−0.10 (−0.13 to −0.07)*
EQ VAS (EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale)	78.7 ± 13.8	−5.4 (−7.0 to −3.7)*	−5.9 (−8.0 to −3.9)*	−7.8 (−10.4 to −5.3)*

Linear regression analyses were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, education, living alone, BMI and duration of diabetes.

* significantly different from the group with only diabetes.

† significantly different from the other three groups.

‡ significantly different from the groups with only diabetes and diabetes with only cardiovascular disease.

SD, standard deviation; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.