Table 4.
Percent and unadjusted odds ratios of individuals who have at least one clinically determined treatment need by each independent factor
| % | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Predisposing Factors | |||
|
Sex | |||
| Male (Reference) |
36.3 |
|
|
| Female |
29.3 |
0.7 (0.6, 0.9) |
0.002 |
|
Age | |||
| 6 to 11 (Reference) |
26.3 |
|
|
| 12 to 19 |
28.6 |
1.1 (0.8, 1.5) |
0.398 |
| 20 to 39 |
34.5 |
1.5 (1.2, 1.8) |
0.002 |
| 40 to 59 |
35.1 |
1.5 (1.3, 1.8) |
0.001 |
| 60 to 79 |
30.7 |
1.3 (1.0, 1.5) |
0.030 |
|
Smoking Status |
|
|
|
| Never smoked (Reference) |
29.4 |
|
|
| Past smoker |
31.2 |
1.1 (0.8, 1.5) |
0.590 |
| Current smoker |
46.3 |
2.1 (1.6, 2.6) |
0.001 |
|
Education | |||
| Degree/Diploma (Reference) |
28.9 |
|
|
| <Degree/Diploma |
36.5 |
1.4 (1.1, 1.9) |
0.016 |
|
Immigrant Status | |||
| Born in Canada (Reference) |
31.8 |
|
|
| Not born in Canada |
36.6 |
1.2 (0.9, 1.7) |
0.174 |
|
Aboriginal Status | |||
| Non-Aboriginal (Reference) |
32.4 |
|
|
| Aboriginal |
46.6 |
1.8 (1.0. 3.3) |
0.044 |
|
Enabling Factors | |||
|
Income adequacy | |||
| Highest income (Reference) |
26.1 |
|
|
| Middle income |
35.7 |
1.6 (1.3, 1.9) |
0.001 |
| Lowest income |
43.0 |
2.1 (1.6, 2.9) |
0.001 |
|
Dental insurance | |||
| Private coverage (Reference) |
27.2 |
|
|
| Public coverage |
47.6 |
2.4 (1.6, 3.6) |
0.001 |
| Non-insured |
41.2 |
1.9 (1.5, 2.3) |
0.001 |
|
Need Factors | |||
|
Self-reported oral health | |||
| Excellent/very good/good (Reference) |
26.4 |
|
|
| Fair/poor |
67.8 |
5.9 (4.3, 8.0) |
0.001 |
|
Self-reported general health | |||
| Excellent/very good/good (Reference) |
31.4 |
|
|
| Fair/poor |
45.0 |
1.8 (1.3, 2.6) |
0.005 |
|
Self-reported oral pain | |||
| Rarely/Never (Reference) |
31.4 |
|
|
| Often/Sometimes |
43.7 |
1.7 (1.3, 2.2) |
0.001 |
|
Self-perceived unmet needs | |||
| No Needs (Reference) |
21.5 |
|
|
| Has at least one need |
55.8 |
4.6 (3.7, 5.8) |
0.001 |
|
Personal Dental Health Practices | |||
|
Brushing frequency | |||
| >Once/day (Reference) |
28.9 |
|
|
| Once/day |
42.0 |
1.8 (1.5, 2.1) |
0.001 |
| <Once/day or Never |
50.0 |
2.5 (1.7, 3.6) |
0.001 |
|
Flossing Frequency | |||
| >Once/day (Reference) |
22.4 |
|
|
| Once/day |
29.1 |
1.4 (0.9, 2.2) |
0.102 |
| <Once/day |
29.2 |
1.4 (0.9, 2.4) |
0.153 |
| Never |
44.2 |
2.8 (1.7, 4.4) |
0.001 |
|
Use of Services | |||
|
Avoided dental treatment due to cost | |||
| No (Reference) |
29.0 |
|
|
| Yes |
52.5 |
2.7 (2.2, 3.3) |
0.001 |
|
Last Dental Visit | |||
| In the last year (Reference) |
26.0 |
|
|
| More than one year ago |
51.3 |
3.0 (2.3, 3.9) |
0.001 |
|
Dental Visit Frequency | |||
| >/=Once a year (Reference) |
26.3 |
3.0 (2.4, 3.8) |
0.001 |
| <Once a year/emergency/never |
51.8 |
|
|
|
Work/School Days Lost | |||
| No (Reference) |
36.5 |
|
|
| Yes | 27.1 | 0.7 (0.5, 0.8) | 0.001 |