Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Schematic representation of the signaling pathways involved in the LPS-induced inflammatory responses. LPS induced ROS production through TLR4/MyD88/c-Src/NADPH oxidase, in turn initiates the activation of p38 MAPK and ATF2. Activated ATF2 was recruited to the promoter region of VCAM-1 leading to an increase of VCAM-1 promoter activity and the expression of VCAM-1. Up-regulation of VCAM-1 enhances the adhesion of THP-1 ells to HRMCs challenged with LPS.
