Table 1. Carbon and nitrogen isotope values from bone collagen of Mediterranean late Upper Palaeolithic (17–11 ka cal BP) and Mesolithic (10-8 ka cal BP) humans.
| Period | Site | Individuals | δ13C (‰) | δ15N (‰) | Source |
| Upp. Pal. | Grotta d’Oriente (Sicily) | Oriente C | −19.3 | 11.0 | [14] |
| Upp. Pal. | Grotta Addaura Caprara (Sicily) | Addaura 1 | −19.7 | 9.6 | [8], [9] |
| Upp. Pal. | Grotta di San Teodoro (Sicily) | 3 | −19.7±0.4 | 12.0±0.4 | [8] |
| Upp. Pal. | Grotta del Romito (Italy) | 8 | −19.5±0.3 | 10.1±1.1 | [14] |
| Upp. Pal. | Arene Candide (Italy) | 2 | −19.5±0.8 | 9.0±0.1 | [5] |
| Mesolithic | Grotta d’Oriente (Sicily) | 2 | −18.4±0.8 | 11.0±0.5 | this study |
| Mesolithic | Grotta Addaura Caprara (Sicily) | 2 | −19.5±0.2 | 9.2±0.7 | [9] |
| Mesolithic | Grotta Molara (Sicily) | 2 | −19.9±0.5 | 8.8±2.3 | [9] |
| Mesolithic | Grotta dell’Uzzo (Sicily) | 2 | −21.0±0.0* | 10.6±0.2* | [5] |
| Mesolithic | El Collado (Spain) | 9 | −18.3±0.7 | 10.3±1.2 | [10] |
| Mesolithic | Vela Spilja – Vela Luka (Croatia) | 4 | −18.6±0.6 | 9.2±1.0 | [7] |
| Mesolithic | Pupićina Cave (Croatia) | 2 | −19.2±0.1 | 10.5±0.3 | [7] |
| Mesolithic | Pupićina Cave (Croatia) | 4 | −19.3** | 10.6** | [6] |
| Mesolithic | Monte Leone (Corsica) | 1 | −18.0 | 9.9 | [11] |
| Mesolithic | Araguina Sennola (Corsica) | 1 | −18.8 | 10.6 | [11] |
(*)the C/N ratios of the human bone collagen from Grotta dell’Uzzo are at the limit for well-preserved collagen ( = 3.6). In the absence of other published data on the quality of the collagen (%C, %N, %yield) analysed by Francalacci [5], the isotope ratios of these individuals should be considered with caution. The low δ13C values might, in fact, be due to contamination.
(**)the standard deviation could not be calculated because the raw data was not published by Paine et al. [6].