Table 1.
Group differences in demographic and biological parameters
| Lean | Obese | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (% female) |
58.3 |
55.6 |
0.832 |
| Race/Ethnicity |
|
|
χ2 = 1.02 |
| White (%) |
33.3 |
38.9 |
|
| Hispanic (%) |
25.0 |
27.8 |
|
| African American (%) |
25.0 |
25.0 |
|
| Asian (%) |
16.7 |
8.3 |
|
| Age (yrs) |
17.2 ± 0.4 |
17.5 ± 0.3 |
0.396 |
| Grade |
11.2 ± 0.4 |
11.4 ± 0.2 |
0.708 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
21.5 ± 0.5 |
37.4 ± 1.2 |
0.000** |
| Waist Circumference (cm) |
76.8 ± 1.2 |
112.2 ± 2.8 |
0.000** |
| Waist:Height |
0.45 ± 0.01 |
0.66 ± 0.01 |
0.000** |
| Waist:Hip |
0.85 ± 0.01 |
0.94 ± 0.01 |
0.000** |
| Glucose (mg/dL) |
73.5 ± 1.4 |
77.3 ± 1.5 |
0.083 |
| Insulin (IU/mL) |
7.4 ± 0.6 |
18.4 ± 2.0 |
0.000** |
| HOMA-IR |
1.3 ± 0.1 |
3.5 ± 0.4 |
0.000** |
| Hemoglobin A1C (%) |
5.1 ± 0.1 |
5.4 ± 0.1 |
0.000** |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) |
160.5 ± 5.9 |
164.1 ± 5.3 |
0.662 |
| LDL (mg/dL) |
91.5 ± 5.1 |
102.6 ± 4.7 |
0.125 |
| HDL (mg/dL) |
55.0 ± 2.5 |
43.7 ± 1.5 |
0.000** |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) |
70.6 ± 5.6 |
89.4 ± 7.2 |
0.064 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) |
101.3 ± 1.9 |
115.3 ± 2.0 |
0.000** |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 63.2 ± 1.7 | 68.0 ± 1.5 | 0.036* |
*Denotes a p-value of >0.05; **denotes a p-value of ≤0.010.
Body mass index (BMI); homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); low density lipoprotein (LDL); high density lipoprotein (HDL); blood pressure (BP).