Table 2.
Dental anomalies described in the literature to date are described below
| Author/date | MPS disease | Number | Reported dental anomalies |
|---|---|---|---|
| McGovern et al. (2008) | MPS I | 25 cases | Delayed dental development Spaced dentition Hypodontia Microdontia |
| Guven et al. (2008) | MPS I | 1 case | Thick gingivae Hypoplastic teeth primary teeth Cysts around unerupted teeth Obliterated pulp canals Taurodont molars Hypoplastic mandibular condyles |
| Thomas and Tandon (2000) | MPS I | 1 case | Large tongue Thick gingivae Spaced dentition Delayed eruption of permanent dentition |
| Keith et al. (1990) | MPS I Hurler-Scheie |
2 cases | Broad maxilla and forehead Minor hypertelorism Broad chin Short ramus and deficient condyles Broad dental arches Dentigerous cysts Gingival hyperplasia Macroglossia |
| Schmidt et al. (1987) | MPS I | 2 cases | Short mandibular necks Flattened condyles Hypertelorism Spaced teeth Dentigerous cysts |
| Gardner (1971) | MPS I and II | 12 cases | Radiolucent mandibular lesions (7 cases) Spaced dentition Histologically normal teeth Hyperplastic gingivae (6 cases) |
| Worth (1966) | MPS I | 24 cases | 16 had condyle abnormalities All had small teeth, some peg shaped Spacing of the teeth in most cases All had short narrow rami Many had a redruded chin 13 showed mandibular bone destruction |
| Hopkins et al. (1973) | MPS II | 2 cases | Anterior open bite Large protuberant tongue Thickened lips Limited neck extension and mouth opening (1 case) Coronoid hyperplasia Abnormal condyles Increased bone density Low caries incidence Spaced dentition |
| Webman et al. (1977) | MPS III | 1 case | Obliteration of pulp canals in primary and permanent teeth |
| Oncag et al. (2006) | MPS IV | 1 case | Flattened nasal bridge Flared nasal alae Prominent lower face Broad mouth Anterior open bite |
| Kuratani et al. (2005) | MPS IV | 1 case | Spaced dentition Thin enamel |
| Rolling et al. (1999) | MPS IV | 3 siblings | Pointed cusps Spade-shaped incisors Thin enamel Pitted buccal surfaces Condylar resorption |
| Smith et al. (1995) | MPS IV | 8 cases | Delayed eruption Hyperplastic tooth follicles Unerupted and impacted permanent teeth |
| Kinirons and Nelson (1990) | MPS IV | 9 cases | Thin enamel Microdont and opaque teeth Pointed cusps of molars Concave occlusal surfaces Absence of normal fissure patterns Spade-shaped incisors |
| Lustmann (1978) | MPS IV | 2 cases | Lab examination of teeth only: Partial calcification at the enamel- dentine membrane |
| Levin et al. (1975) | MPS IV | 12 cases | Prominent lower face Flat nasal bridge Broad flat palate DMF index average 4.5 Spaced anterior teeth, yellow colour Tapered teeth and pointed cusps Defective enamel in 10 patients |
| Sela et al. (1975) | MPS IV | 2 siblings | Thin enamel Molar cusps small and pointed Generalised enamel hypoplasia Tongue showing geographic features Flattened condyle |
| Alpoz et al. (2006) | MPS VI | 1 case | Enlarged tongue Delayed eruption of anterior permanent teeth Enlarged alveolar process High arched palate with a deep mid groove Unerupted teeth with dentigerous cysts |
| Smith et al. (1995) | MPS VI | 2 cases | Delayed tooth eruption Thickened dental follicles |
| Roberts et al. (1984) | MPS VI | 1 case | Macroglossia Hyperplastic fibrotic gingivae Dentigerous cysts |