. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Sep 4.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Nephrol. 2012 Sep 4;36(3):245–251. doi: 10.1159/000342210

Table 3.

Unadjusted and adjusted odds of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) prevalence and risk factors for women compared to men.

Outcome	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR^* (95% CI)
DKD (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m² or microalbuminuria)	0.74 (0.65–0.85)	0.72 (0.62–0.83)
Advanced DKD (eGFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m²)	1.55 (1.01–2.39)	1.67 (1.05–2.64)
Hemoglobin A1c ≥8.5%	1.03 (0.90–1.19)	1.00 (0.83–1.19)
BMI ≥30 kg/m²	1.81 (1.60–2.04)	1.87 (1.60–2.20)

DKD = diabetic kidney disease; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; BMI = body mass index; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.

All models are adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, and smoking. DKD models are additionally adjusted for hemoglobin A1c, LDL, and BMI. DKD risk factor models are additionally adjusted for chronic kidney disease stage and each of the other risk factors.