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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Nov 30.
Published in final edited form as: Science. 2010 Sep 10;329(5997):1353–1355. doi: 10.1126/science.1190689

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Effect of pre-exposure to Plasmodium infection on the immune response to subsequent infections. (A) 7 days post priming (dpp) or (B) 14 dpp with P. berghei in naïve (Nv) or challenged (Ch) mosquitoes. (C) Effect of pre-challenge with P. falciparum on a second infection at 7 dpp. Plasmodium infections were evaluated 7 days after the second infection. Effect of eliminating the gut microbiota with oral antibiotics before the (D) first or (E) second challenge with P. berghei on a second infection 7 dpp. Each circle represents the number of parasites in an individual midgut, and the line indicates the median.