Table 5.
Characteristics of culture positive patients with HAP and VAP with regard to the adequacy of empirical antibiotic treatment
|
Characteristics |
|
HAP (n = 94) |
|
|
VAP (n = 117) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adequate treatment n = 43 (%) | Inadequate treatment n = 51 (%) | p | Adequate treatment n = 37 (%) | Inadequate treatment n = 80 (%) | p | |
| Age (years) |
60.67 ± 16.04 |
65.14 ± 13.75 |
0.167 |
63.59 ± 16.65 |
63.85 ± 17.07 |
0.907 |
| Sex (male) |
32(74.4) |
37 (72.5) |
1.000 |
24 (64.9) |
45 (56.3) |
0.497 |
| Surgical unit |
9 (20.9) |
8 (15.7) |
0.697 |
21 (56.8) |
25 (31.3) |
0.015 |
| Underlying diseases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Diabetes mellitus |
5 (11.6) |
8 (15.7) |
0.789 |
5 (13.5) |
11 (13.8) |
1.000 |
| COPD |
13 ( 30.2) |
10 (19.6) |
0.341 |
11 (29.7) |
17 (21.3) |
0.443 |
| Chronic renal failure |
5 (11.6) |
4 (7.8) |
0.727 |
0 (0) |
3 (3.8) |
0.551 |
| Congestive heart failure |
4 (9.3) |
9 (17.6) |
0.386 |
6 (16.2) |
13 (16.3) |
1.000 |
| Cerebrovascular disease |
1 (2.3) |
9 (17.6) |
0.019 |
3 (8.1) |
15 (18.8) |
0.227 |
| Malignancy |
6 (14.0) |
9 (17.6) |
0.838 |
6 (16.2) |
11 (13.8) |
0.944 |
| Central venous catheterization |
16 (37.2) |
22 (43.1) |
0.710 |
30 (81.1) |
58 (72.5) |
0.442 |
| Urinary catheterization |
33 (76.7) |
37 (72.5) |
0.820 |
37 (100) |
78 (97.5) |
1.000 |
| Late-onset pneumonia |
34 (79.1) |
46 (90.2) |
0.223 |
34 (91.9) |
72 (90) |
1.000 |
| Acquisition of other site infection |
12 (27.9) |
11 (21.6) |
0.637 |
11 (29.7) |
42 (52.5) |
0.036 |
| Previous antibiotic usage |
20 (46.5) |
23 (45.1) |
1.000 |
11 (29.7) |
36 (45.0) |
0.173 |
| MDR bacteria |
29 (67.4) |
38 (74.5) |
0.599 |
32 (86.5) |
60 (75) |
0.243 |
| Polymicrobial etiology |
1 (2.3) |
8 (15.7) |
0.036 |
2 (5.4) |
6 (7.5) |
1.000 |
| Length of stay before HAP |
7.6 ± 4.3 |
9.18 ± 5.8 |
0.194 |
13.89 ± 11.56 |
14.88 ± 10.34 |
0.313 |
| APACHE II score |
12.7 ± 5.83 |
14.92 ± 5.83 |
0.031 |
16.08 ± 6.94 |
16.69 ± 6.72 |
0.654 |
| Exitus | 16 (37.2) | 24 (47.1) | 0.452 | 27 (73) | 53 (66.3) | 0.608 |