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. 2012 Nov 12;109(48):19846–19851. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1211517109

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Fig. 4. — Average T_CORE (A), T_SKIN (B), and heat loss index (HLI) (C) in Blank-SAP and NK₃-SAP rats exposed to T_AMBIENT of 11 °C, 26 °C, or 33 °C (Left to Right). (A) At the T_AMBIENT of 33 °C the T_CORE was the highest in OVX Blank-SAP rats and reduced in these rats by E₂ treatment. At the T_AMBIENT of 33 °C, the T_CORE of NK₃-SAP rats was significantly lower than Blank-SAP animals and was not affected by E₂. (B) At the T_AMBIENT of 11 °C and 26 °C, the T_SKIN of NK₃-SAP animals was significantly lower than in Blank-SAP animals. The T_SKIN of the Blank-SAP rats was reduced by E₂ at all T_AMBIENT, but T_SKIN was not lowered by E₂ treatment in NK₃-SAP rats at any T_AMBIENT. (C) At the T_AMBIENT of 11 °C and 26 °C, the average HLI of NK₃-SAP rats was significantly lower than in Blank-SAP rats, indicating lower levels of vasodilatation. HLI was reduced by E₂ in Blank-SAP rats but not in NK₃-SAP rats. Values represent mean ± SEM, 6–11 rats per group. *Significantly different (NK₃-SAP vs. Blank-SAP, within OVX or OVX + E₂). ⁺Significantly different (OVX + E₂ vs. OVX, within Blank-SAP or NK₃-SAP).