Figure 4.

Isolation of individual mutant clones carrying improved binding activities of phages displaying anti-MICA. Individual clones (10⁸ pfu) isolated from the 7th round of biopanning were tested for MICA binding by ELISA. WW2G8, WW6B7, and WW9B8 mutants were shown in (a), (b), and (c), respectively. VCSM13 (10⁸ pfu) was used as a negative control. It should be noted that most of isolated clones had OD less than the pool phages with the exception of WW9B8. There were two WW9B8 mutants (red arrow) with OD values of 6 and 7 times higher than that of the pool phages, respectively.