Table 1.

Summary of outcome from resection of neuroendocrine liver metastases.

First author, publication year	Number of surgical patients	Median followup, months	Survival data	Predictors of survival
Mayo, 2011 [14]	339 (66 with simultaneous ablation)	26	Median OS: 123 months 5-year survival: 74%	High-volume (>25% liver involved) and symptomatic disease benefited most from surgery (versus intra-arterial therapy, P < .001)
Saxena, 2011 [15]	74 (38 with simultaneous cryoablation)	41	Median PFS: 23 months Median OS: 95 months	PFS: pathologic margin status (P = .023) OS: grade (P < .001), extrahepatic disease (P = .021)
Karabulut, 2011 [16]	27	29	Median PFS: 15 months Median OS: 190 months	Improved OS with resection of primary tumor (P = .01)
Glazer, 2010 [17]	172 (120 with small bowel or pancreatic primaries; 18 had only RFA)	50	Median OS: 116 months 5-year survival: 77.4% 10-year survival: 50.4%	Increasing interval from primary resection to hepatic metastases predicted for poorer survival (P = .01)
Fischer, 2008 [18]	118	20	5-year survival: 44% for well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma versus 0% for poorly-differentiated	In well-differentiated carcinomas, any resection (R0 versus R1/2) significantly increased survival (P = .003)
Osborne, 2006 [19]	70		Mean OS: 50 months for complete cytoreduction (versus 32 months for palliative cytoreduction)
Sarmiento, 2003 [20]	170 (75 with complete resection)		Median OS: 81 months
Elias, 2003 [21]	47 (36 with concurrent extrahepatic resection)	62	Median OS: 91 months 5-year survival: 71%	DFS: completeness of surgery (R0 versus R1 versus R2) (P = .003), pancreatic origin (P = .01), bilateral liver involvement (P = .01)
Chen, 1998 [22]	15		5-year survival: 73% (versus 29% in 23 patients with unresectable disease)