(b) Influence of select variables upon HRR at Year 1

Variable	Subgroup	N	Mean ± SD	P value
Age	45–55	1239	42.26 ± 12.47	<.0001
	56–65	1723	39.15 ± 12.21
	66–76	409	34.88 ± 12.45
Gender	Male	1310	39.26 ± 12.17	0.0540
	Female	2061	40.11 ± 12.77
Diabetes severity	No diabetic meds, no insulin	435	42.36 ± 12.68	<.0001
	Diabetic meds only	2290	39.73 ± 12.43
	Insulin only	128	37.54 ± 12.74
	Insulin and diabetic meds	469	38.17 ± 12.52
History of CVD	No	3124	39.92 ± 12.60	0.0160
	Yes	247	37.93 ± 11.75
Hypertension	No	729	42.72 ± 12.53	<0.0001
	Yes	2642	38.97 ± 12.43
Waist circumference group (adjusted for gender)	1	676	41.71 ± 12.72	0.0062
	2	695	40.01 ± 12.24
	3	799	39.61 ± 12.56
	4	516	38.51 ± 12.13
	5	681	38.73 ± 12.76