Table 2.
Clinical data for the three groups of patients
| Clinical data | DD (N = 35) | SMI (N = 35) | SUD (N = 35) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psychiatric Diagnosis (% = 100) |
|
|
|
| Schizophrenia |
45.7% |
80% |
|
| Bipolar Disorder |
28.6% |
14.3% |
|
| Major Depression Disorder |
25.7% |
5.7% |
|
| Age of psychiatric disorder onset |
24.82 ± 7.47 yr |
25.67 ± 8.07 yr |
|
| Mean duration of illness (yr) |
12.27 ± 7.81 yr |
14.09 ± 8.66 yr |
|
| Number of relatives with SUD |
0.35 ± 0.69 |
0.06 ± 0.23 |
0.23 ± 0.59 |
| Number of relatives with psychiatric disorder |
0.65 ± 1.01 |
0.86 ± 0.87 |
0.49 ± 0.74 |
| Number of suicidal attempts |
1.60 ± 3.2 |
0.34 ± 0.68 |
0.34 ± 0.87 |
| Number of medical comorbidities a |
0.66 ± 1.05 |
0.57 ± 0.73 |
0.46 ± 0.78 |
| Asthma/Allergy |
11.4% |
8.6% |
2.9% |
| Triglycerides/Cholesterol |
11.4% |
25.7% |
2.9% |
| Diabetes |
2.9% |
2.9% |
2.9% |
| Obesity |
|
2.9% |
|
| Hypertension |
2.9% |
8.6% |
2.9% |
| HIV |
5.7% |
|
14.3% |
| Hepatitis B or C |
5.7% |
2.9% |
5.7% |
| Others |
14.3% |
2.9% |
5.7% |
| Daily number of medicationsa |
3.86 ± 1.83 |
3.03 ± 1.20 |
0.69 ± 1.10 |
| Typical antipsychotics |
20.0% |
17.1% |
2.9% |
| Atypical antipsychotics |
57.0%% |
60.0% |
5.7% |
| Antidepressants |
28.6% |
25.7% |
11.4% |
| Mood stabilizers |
25.0% |
31.4% |
8.6% |
| Anxiolytics |
40% |
22.9% |
8.6% |
| Other medication |
31.4% |
25.7% |
20% |
| Clinical Global Impression (CGI) |
4.69 ± 0.96 |
4.50 ± 0.74 |
3.26 ± 1.01 |
| Daily number of cigarettes |
18.34 ± 12.41 |
10.43 ± 12.44 |
14.74 ± 8.08 |
| Fagerström score |
5.11 ± 2.52 |
2.89 ± 3.38 |
3.86 ± 2.48 |
| No dependence |
14.3% |
54.3% |
17.1% |
| Low dependence |
8.6% |
|
20.0% |
| Moderate dependence |
45.7% |
25.7% |
51.4% |
| High dependence |
31.4% |
20% |
11.4% |
| Daily Number of coffees (cups) |
1.77 ± 1.73 |
1.17 ± 1.44 |
1.66 ± 1.43 |
| Other daily beverages with caffeine | 0.86 ± 1.00 | 0.71 ± 1.04 | 0.91 ± 1.26 |
DD, Dual Diagnosis; SMI, Severe Mental Illness; SUD, Substance Use Dependence.
a Percentage will not equal 100 as each participant may suffer from more than one medical illness or take more than one medication.