Table 2.
Independent associations between HAART, ddC, ddI, D4T, ZDV, and ABC and incident cardiomyopathy (N =3,035), PACTG 219/ 219C, 1993–2007.
| Characteristic | N (%)a | N (%)a incident cases | Multivariable Hazard Ratio (95% CI)b | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HAART use | ||||
| Yes | 2515 (83) | 45 (45) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 0.01 |
| No | 520 (17) | 54 (55) | Referent | – – |
| Zalcitabine (ddC) use | ||||
| Yes | 297 (10) | 24 (24) | 1.8 (1.1, 3.0) | 0.03 |
| No | 2738 (90) | 75 (76) | Referent | – – |
| Didanosine (ddI) use | ||||
| Yes | 2280 (75) | 71 (72) | 1.0 (0.6, 1.6) | 0.96 |
| No | 755 (25) | 28 (28) | Referent | – – |
| Stavudine (D4T) use | ||||
| Yes | 2161 (71) | 41 (41) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.5) | 0.51 |
| No | 874 (29) | 58 (59) | Referent | – – |
| Zidovudine (ZDV) use | ||||
| Yes | 2660 (88) | 89 (90) | 1.9 (0.9, 4.3) | 0.10 |
| No | 375 (12) | 10 (10) | Referent | – – |
| Abacavir (ABC) use | ||||
| Yes | 789 (26) | 8 (8) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.5) | 0.36 |
| No | 2246 (74) | 91 (92) | Referent | – – |
| Birth cohort | ||||
| 1973–1989 | 992 (33) | 62 (63) | 1.7 (1.1, 2.6) | 0.03 |
| 1990–2005 | 2043 (67) | 37 (37) | Referent | – – |
| Maternal ARV use during pregnancy | ||||
| Yes | 310 (10) | 3 (3) | 0.6 (0.2, 1.8) | 0.33 |
| No | 2457 (81) | 93 (97) | Referent | – – |
| Nadir CD4% | ||||
| < 15 | 809 (27) | 54 (55) | 3.6 (2.1, 6.3) | <0.001 |
| 15–24 | 878 (29) | 21 (21) | 1.1 (0.6, 2.1) | 0.76 |
| ≥ 25 | 1188 (39) | 18 (18) | Referent | – – |
a
By end of follow-up.
b
Multivariable results from one extended Cox model including all variables in the table.