Table 2.
Characteristics of the LSS and LSSPAD patients at baseline and in the survey at three months
| Mean (SD) or N (%)† | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Outcome at three months | |||||
| LSSPAD (n = 38) | LSS (n = 532) | p | LSSPAD (n = 30) | LSS (n = 418) | p | |
| Age (%) | 75 (6.3) | 71 (8.0) | <0.01 | 75 (6.6) | 70 (8.3) | <0.01 |
| Males (%) | 27 (71.1) | 276 (51.9) | 0.02 | 22 (73.3) | 212 (50.7) | 0.02 |
| Support tool | 11.5 (2.1) | 13.2 (2.1) | <0.01 | 8.5 (4.0) | 9.0 (3.8) | 0.76 |
| ABI ≤ 0.9 | 35 (92.1) | – | – | – | ||
| Symptoms | ||||||
| Presence of Intermittent claudication (%) | 36 (100) | 483 (92.9) | 0.16 | 16 (57.1) | 163 (40.3) | 0.08 |
| Worse when standing for a while (%) | 35 (94.6) | 469 (90.2) | 0.56 | 13 (44.8) | 159 (39.4) | 0.56 |
| Symptoms improve on bending forward (%) | 31 (83.8) | 401 (77.1) | 0.35 | 11 (37.9) | 141 (34.9) | 0.74 |
| Lower back pain (VAS) | 47.9 (29.9) | 49.3 (28.6) | 0.77 | 39.0 (31.2) | 32.4 (27.2) | 0.22 |
| Buttock or lower extremity pain (VAS) | 53.6 (27.0) | 60.1 (28.4) | 0.18 | 42.4 (28.4) | 33.9 (31.3) | 0.16 |
| Buttock or lower extremity numbness (VAS) | 42.3 (32.1) | 56.4 (29.9) | <0.01 | 38.5 (31.1) | 36.3 (30.8) | 0.71 |
| Physical examination (%) | ||||||
| Symptoms induced by having patients bend forward | 1 (2.7) | 20 (3.8) | 1.00 | 1 (3.4) | 16 (4.0) | 1.00 |
| Symptoms induced by having patients bend backward | 20 (54.1) | 278 (53.5) | 0.94 | 8 (27.6) | 104 (25.9) | 0.84 |
| Absence or low response of Achilles tendon reflex | 30 (81.1) | 349 (67.1) | 0.08 | 19 (65.5) | 256 (63.4) | 0.82 |
| Straight leg raising test positive | 0 (0) | 28 (5.4) | 0.25 | 1 (3.6) | 5 (1.2) | 0.31 |
VAS visual analog scale (scale 0–100 mm)
†The total numbers for some items do not add up to the total number in the top row because of missing information