Table 2.
Disease characteristics and medications used by COPD phenotypes
|
COPD only (n = 970)
|
Emphysema only (n = 399)
|
Chronic bronchitis only (n = 2071)
|
P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Current medication use (for COPD) | 728 | 75.05 | 211 | 52.88 | 585 | 28.25 | <0.0001 |
| Medication* | |||||||
| SABA only | 89 | 12.92 | 23 | 11.22 | 165 | 33.54 | <0.0001 |
| LAMA-SAMA only | 77 | 11.18 | 20 | 9.76 | 13 | 2.64 | <0.0001 |
| ICS only | 7 | 1.02 | 6 | 2.93 | 29 | 5.89 | 0.3623 |
| LABA only | 5 | 0.73 | 2 | 0.98 | 1 | 0.20 | <0.0001 |
| Oxygen only | 1 | 0.15 | 4 | 1.95 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.0002 |
| ICS + LABA only | 90 | 13.06 | 28 | 13.66 | 67 | 13.62 | 0.5896 |
| LAMA-SAMA + SABA only | 78 | 11.32 | 21 | 10.24 | 36 | 7.32 | 0.9528 |
| ICS + SABA only | 15 | 2.18 | 5 | 2.44 | 39 | 7.93 | <0.0001 |
| LABA + SABA only | 9 | 1.31 | 1 | 0.49 | 2 | 0.41 | 0.3919 |
| ICS + LAMA-SAMA only | 6 | 0.87 | 1 | 0.49 | 2 | 0.41 | 0.0705 |
| LAMA-SAMA + LABA only | 4 | 0.58 | 2 | 0.98 | 1 | 0.20 | 0.2114 |
| ICS + LABA + SABA only | 94 | 13.64 | 14 | 6.83 | 95 | 19.31 | <0.0001 |
| ICS + LAMA-SAMA + LABA only | 58 | 8.42 | 23 | 11.22 | 5 | 1.02 | 0.0213 |
| ICS + LAMA-SAMA + SABA only | 27 | 3.92 | 7 | 3.41 | 6 | 1.22 | <0.0001 |
| LAMA-SAMA + LABA + SABA only | 5 | 0.73 | 2 | 0.98 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.1308 |
| ICS + LAMA-SAMA + LABA + SABA | 116 | 16.84 | 44 | 21.46 | 31 | 6.30 | <0.0001 |
| Oxygen + other treatments | 8 | 1.16 | 2 | 0.98 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.0602 |
| Disease severity | |||||||
| Mild | 412 | 42.47 | 199 | 49.87 | 1354 | 65.38 | <0.0001 |
| Moderate | 434 | 44.74 | 162 | 40.60 | 621 | 29.99 | <0.0001 |
| Severe | 124 | 12.78 | 38 | 9.52 | 96 | 4.64 | <0.0001 |
| Symptom frequency** | |||||||
| Dyspnea (mean, SD) | 3.74 | 1.07 | 3.59 | 1.16 | 2.95 | 1.18 | <0.0001 |
| Coughing (mean, SD) | 2.78 | 1.06 | 2.65 | 1.07 | 2.83 | 1.02 | 0.0040 |
| Infection (mean, SD) | 1.99 | 0.93 | 1.78 | 0.92 | 2.31 | 0.97 | <0.0001 |
| Mucus (mean, SD) | 2.97 | 1.15 | 2.86 | 1.23 | 3.05 | 1.12 | 0.0053 |
| Wheezing (mean, SD) | 2.97 | 1.08 | 2.71 | 1.16 | 2.76 | 1.10 | <0.0001 |
Notes:
Percentages based only on those using a prescription medication;
symptoms were reported on a five-point Likert-type response scale (1 = never to 5 = always).
Abbreviations: LAMA-SAMA, ipratropium, tiotropium; LABA + ICS (fixed-dose combination), budesonide-formoterol, fluticasone-salmeterol; LAMA-SAMA + SABA, albuterol-ipratropium; ICS, flunisolide, mometasone, triamcinolone, fluticasone, fluticasone propionate, budesonide; LABA, arformoterol, formoterol, salmeterol; SABA, albuterol, pirbuterol, albuterol sulfate, levalbuterol; ICS, inhaled corticosteroids; LABA, long-acting beta agonist; LAMA-SAMA, long-acting or short-acting muscarinic antagonist; SABA, short-acting beta-agonist; SD, standard deviation.