Figure 1.

Schematic showing the basic experimental design with the time line above and treatments listed on the right. Large circles represent replicate cages (all set up on the same day with 100 females and 100 males each), with number of replicate cages per treatment in each experiment shown. Small circles represent individual oviposition tubes, where females were placed and provided water and filter-paper for oviposition (8 females per cage). In the design of the second experiment, two treatments, (shown below the dotted line) consisting of either a supplemental blood meal or supplemental males for insemination, were included in addition to those used in the first experiment (shown above the dotted line).