Table 1. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Death | ESRD | ||||||
| Parameters | Total | No | Yes | P | No | Yes | P |
| At the time of biopsy (n) | 1,364 | 1,276 | 71 | 1,067 | 277 | ||
| Age (years) | 33(25–45) | 32(22–44) | 47(36–61) | <0.001 | 33(24–44) | 36(28–46) | 0.001 |
| Sex (male) | 682(50.0) | 632(49.5) | 43(60.6) | 0.087 | 513(48.1) | 161(58.1) | 0.003 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 120(110–138) | 120(110–130) | 140(124–150) | <0.001 | 120(110–130) | 130(120–150) | <0.001 |
| Co-morbidity | |||||||
| Diabetes | 25(2.0) | 22(1.9) | 3(5.0) | 0.120 | 18(1.9) | 7(2.7) | 0.037 |
| Cancer | 10(0.8) | 4(0.3) | 6(10.0) | <0.001 | 7(0.7) | 3(1.2) | 0.448 |
| Hypertension | 484(38.7) | 442(37.2) | 42(67.7) | <0.001 | 319(32.4) | 165(62.3) | <0.001 |
| Clinical manifestations | |||||||
| Edema | 314(24.1) | 288(23.2) | 26(40.0) | 0.004 | 210(20.3) | 104(38.4) | <0.001 |
| Gross hematuria | 438(33.2) | 417(33.3) | 21(31.3) | 0.791 | 370(35.4) | 70(25.5) | 0.002 |
| AUA | 457(35.0) | 442(35.6) | 15(22.7) | 0.034 | 386(37.3) | 71(26.0) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory tests | |||||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.3(11.8–14.6) | 13.3(11.9–14.6) | 11.7(9.4–13.9) | <0.001 | 13.5(12.1–14.7) | 12.1(10.5–13.9) | <0.001 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.9(3.5–4.2) | 3.9(3.5–4.2) | 3.3(2.7–3.9) | <0.001 | 3.9(3.6–4.2) | 3.6(3.1–4.0) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 186(158–220) | 186(158–219) | 209(154–239) | 0.125 | 184(157–216) | 203(166–233) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.10(1.10–1.50) | 1.10(0.90–1.40) | 1.50(1.20–2.15) | <0.001 | 1.10(0.90–1.30) | 1.70(1.20–2.40) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 67.6(27.6) | 68.7(27.4) | 48.3(25.4) | <0.001 | 73.5(25.2) | 45.7(24.9) | <0.001 |
| 24hour proteinuria (g/day) | 1.30(0.56–2.50) | 1.22(0.54–2.36) | 2.62(1.60–5.44) | <0.001 | 1.11(0.50–2.12) | 2.11(1.03–3.46) | <0.001 |
| During follow-up (n) | 1223 | 1163 | 60 | 965 | 258 | ||
| Development of cancer | 47(3.8) | 35(3.0) | 12(20.0) | <0.001 | 30(3.1) | 17(6.6) | 0.016 |
| Development of diabetes | 73(6.0) | 66(5.7) | 7(9.6) | 0.084 | 50(5.2) | 23(8.9) | 0.037 |
| Medical treatment (n) | 1050 | 1009 | 41 | 842 | 208 | ||
| Antiplatelet agents | 695(64.8) | 322(31.3) | 6(14.0) | 0.017 | 265(30.9) | 63(29.6) | 0.740 |
| Statin | 146(13.6) | 142(13.8) | 4(9.3) | 0.501 | 117(13.6) | 29(13.6) | 1.000 |
| RAS blockade | 328(30.6) | 675(65.6) | 20(46.5) | 0.014 | 557(64.9) | 137(64.3) | 0.873 |
| Immunosuppressant | 137(12.7) | 124(12.0) | 13(30.2) | 0.002 | 103(12.0) | 34(15.9) | 0.137 |
All continuous variables are shown as mean (SD) for normal distributions, or median (interquartile range) for non-parametric variables. Categorical variables were frequency per observation (N (%)). Baseline characteristics for patients who progressed to the primary outcome were compared with those who did not using χ2 test for dichotomous variables, and student t-test for parametric continuous variables.
Abbreviations: ESRD, end stage renal disease; BMI, body mass index; AUA, asymptomatic urinary abnormalities; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TA, tubular atrophy; RAS, renin-angiotensin system.