Table 4. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (AORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) of oral cancer associated with CA9 genotypic frequencies and smokers among 444 betel-nut consumers.
| Variable | Controls (n = 91) (%) | Patients (n = 353) (%) | OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) |
| rs2071676 | ||||
| a AA genotype and no smoking | 6 (6.6%) | 4 (1.1%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| b AG or GG genotype or smoking | 34 (37.4%) | 110 (31.2%) | 4.853 (1.293–18.209)* | 13.177 (1.759–98.678)* |
| c AG or GG genotype with smoking | 51 (56.0%) | 239 (67.7%) | 7.029 (1.914–25.813)* | 18.568 (2.519–136.890)* |
| rs3829078 | ||||
| a AA genotype and no smoking | 17 (18.7%) | 21 (5.9%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| b AG or GG genotype or smoking | 66 (72.5%) | 298 (84.4%) | 3.655 (1.828–7.308)* | 4.130 (1.682–10.139)* |
| c AG or GG genotype with smoking | 8 (8.8%) | 34 (9.6%) | 3.440 (1.264–9.362)* | 3.207 (0.917–11.217)* |
| rs1048638 | ||||
| a CC genotype and non-smoker | 17 (18.7%) | 20 (5.7%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| b CA or AA genotype or smoking | 67 (73.6%) | 295 (83.6%) | 3.743 (1.861–7.528)* | 4.569 (1.830–11.406)* |
| c CA or AA genotype with smoking | 7 (7.7%) | 38 (10.8%) | 4.614 (1.642–12.969)* | 4.987 (1.400–17.762)* |
| 376del393 | ||||
| a INS/INS genotype and no smoking | 17 (18.7%) | 12 (3.4%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| b INS/Del or Del/Del genotype or smoking | 51 (56.0%) | 258 (73.1%) | 7.167 (3.228–15.913)* | 22.708 (6.682–77.169)* |
| c INS/Del or Del/Del genotype with smoking | 23 (25.3%) | 83 (23.5%) | 5.112 (2.139–12.220)* | 14.355 (3.944–52.247)* |
The ORs with their 95% CIs were estimated by logistic regression models. The AORs with their 95% CIs were estimated by multiple logistic regression models after controlling for age, gender, and alcohol consumption.
a
Individuals with the wild-type genotype but without smoking.
b
Individuals with either at least 1 mutated genotype or smoking.
c
Individuals with both at least 1 mutated genotype and smoking.
*
Statistically significant at p<0.05.