Table 2. Assessment of study rigour.

First Author, Publication Year	Study Process Quality Indicators									Research Method Quality Indicators
	Pre-Test Counselling Donea	Consent Provided	Test Offered with the Intention of Giving Results to Clientsb	Confirmatory Laboratory Testing Done	Discordant Results Addresseda	Repeat Sampling if Discordant	Repeat Visits if Absenteeism	Specific Advice if HIV Result Negative	Linkage to Care for HIV-Infected	Sampling Strategy Described	Selective Outcome Reporting
Angotti, 2009	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Not specified	No	No	Yes—retest in 3 mo time	Yes	Yes	No
Choko, 2011	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
Helleringer, 2009	Yes	Yes	No	No	Not specified	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
Kimaiyo, 2010	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes—behaviour change and “ABCs” of HIV prevention	Yes	No	No
Kranzer, 2008	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
Lugada, 2010	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No
Maheswaran, 2012	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Not specified	No	No	No	Yes	No	No
Matovu, 2002	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Menzies, 2009	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Not specified	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
Michelo, 2006	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No
Molesworth, 2010	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
Negin, 2009	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
Sekandi, 2011	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes—HIV prevention counselling	Yes	Yes	No
Shisana, 2004	Not specified	Yes	No	Yes	Not specified	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
Tumwesigye, 2010	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No
Welz, 2007	Not specified	Yes	Yes	Yes	Not specified	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
Were, 2003	Yes	Yes	No	No	Not specified	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
Were, 2006	Not specified	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Wolff, 2005	Not specified	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	Yes	No

^aWhere no information is available “not specified” is indicated for these variables, as we considered it possible that these activities were done but not reported in the paper.

^bSome studies offered testing but results were not promised, e.g., results available only if client sought the result separately; some studies were entirely blinded, e.g., where testing was done for anonymous population HIV prevalence estimation.