Fig. 3.

Radiographs of deceased fetuses with different vertebral patterns. a Regular pattern with 7 cervical, 12 thoracic and 5 lumbar vertebrae (pattern R). b Fetus with bilaterally rudimentary first thoracic ribs (Pattern CT, with cervico-thoracic boundary change). c Fetus with unilaterally a cervical rib and bilaterally absent twelfth thoracic ribs (Pattern CT_TL, with changes of the cervico-thoracic and thoraco-lumbar boundary). d Fetus with bilaterally cervical ribs and full-sized lumbar ribs (Pattern CT_TL, with changes of the cervico-thoracic and thoraco-lumbar boundary). The vertebrae and ribs are highly irregular with hemivertebrae and fused ribs, these represent segmentation defects