Fig. 4.

Correspondence analyses showing the associations between malformations of the different organ systems and vertebral patterns. Eigenvalues are indicated. a The vertebral patterns included changes at the cervico-thoracic, thoraco-lumbar and lumbo-sacral boundaries. b Changes at the more difficult to evaluate lumbo-sacral boundaries were left of out this analysis, which leads to a very high explained variance of the first axis (92.8 vs. 74.43 %). In both analyses the group with no malformations (No-Mal) clusters with the most normal vertebral patterns (R, LS, TL, TL-LS) and the groups with craniofacial and skeletal malformations (CF and SK) cluster with the most abnormal patterns (CT_TL_LS and CT_TL)