Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of heart failure patients and controls.
| Clinical characteristics | HF patients (n = 59) | Control (n = 29) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years; mean ± sd) | 58.1 ± 13.9 | 59.7 ± 6.4 |
| Sex (male/female) | 45/14 | 15/14 |
| NYHA 1 | 7 | N/A |
| NYHA 2 | 39 | N/A |
| NYHA 3 | 11 | N/A |
| NYHA 4 | 2 | N/A |
| Ischemic etiology | 30 (51%) | N/A |
| Diabetes mellitus | 21 (35.6%) | 4 (14%) |
| β-blockers (n/%) | 59 (100%) | 2 (7%) |
| ACE-I +/or ARB (n/%) | 56 (95%) | 2 (7%) |
| Aldosterone antagonist (n/%) | 18 (30.5%) | None |
| Statins (n/%) | 44 (75%) | N/A |
| LV ejection fraction (%, SD) | 26.29 ± 8.63 | N/A |
| Mean hemoglobin (g/dL, mean ± sd) | 12.9 ± 1.8 | N/A |
| Mean creatinine (mg/dL, mean ± sd) | 1.18 ± 0.06 | N/A |
| Creatinine clearance (CCT, mean ± sd) | 81 ± 4.4 cm/min | N/A |