Table 1. The different allosteric modulators and substrates for methylation that affect the kinetic behavior of the enzyme DNMT1 resulting either in stimulation and high processivity or full/partial inhibition of methylation.
| Allosteric regulator | Substrate for methylation | State of the enzyme | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unmethylated dsDNA |
Unmethylated DNA |
Partial Inhibition |
5, 51 |
| Pre-methylated DNA |
Full Inhibition |
5, 51 |
|
| Fully Methylated dsDNA |
Unmethylated DNA |
Full Activation |
5, 51 |
| Pre-methylated DNA |
Full Activation |
5, 51 |
|
| Hemimethylated dsDNA |
Unmethylated DNA |
Full Activation |
5, 51 |
| Pre-methylated DNA |
Full Activation |
5, 51 |
|
| Proximally methylated dsDNA |
Unmethylated DNA |
Full Activation |
5, 51 |
| Pre-methylated DNA |
Full Activation |
5, 51 |
|
| Methylated ssDNA |
Unmethylated DNA |
Full Inhibition |
5, 51 |
| Pre-methylated DNA |
Full Inhibition |
5, 51 |
|
| Poly (ADP-ribose) | Unmethylated DNA |
Full Inhibition |
5, 90 |
| Pre-methylated DNA | Full Inhibition | 5, 90 |
Pre-methylated DNA means either hemimethylated dsDNA or proximally methylated dsDNA, or fully methylated dsDNA, or methylated ssDNA.